Mode Of Drug Delivery Research Articles

Can more be done to optimise the effect of mesalazine for IBD patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis?

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by chronic mucosal inflammation primarily in the colon. Guidelines recommend mesalazine as first-line therapy for induction of maintenance in mild-to-moderate Ulcerative colitis. Patients' preferences, response to treatment, site and extent of inflammation and cost are important considerations when selecting mesalazine therapy. Aims/Methods This article reviews mesalazine's role in ulcerative colitis and explores the factors to consider when optimising mesalazine-based therapy. Findings Up to two-thirds of patients fail to respond to induction therapy within 8 weeks, thereby prompting a switch of formulations or escalation to oral corticosteroids. While there are no major variations in efficacy, different mesalazine formulations are not interchangeable because of differences in mode of drug delivery, site of drug release and excipients. Switching mesalazine products before escalating therapy may, therefore, spare patients from wider side effects and higher costs. Conclusions Optimising mesalazine-based therapy requires individualised treatment plans based on patient preferences, site and extent of inflammation, response to treatment and potential side effects. An algorithm exists to guide the selection of alternative mesalazine formulations when required.

Can more be done to optimise the effect of mesalazine for IBD patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis?

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by chronic mucosal inflammation primarily in the colon. Guidelines recommend mesalazine as first-line therapy for induction of maintenance in mild-to-moderate Ulcerative colitis. Patients' preferences, response to treatment, site and extent of inflammation and cost are important considerations when selecting mesalazine therapy. Aims/Methods This article reviews mesalazine's role in ulcerative colitis and explores the factors to consider when optimising mesalazine-based therapy. Findings Up to two-thirds of patients fail to respond to induction therapy within 8 weeks, thereby prompting a switch of formulations or escalation to oral corticosteroids. While there are no major variations in efficacy, different mesalazine formulations are not interchangeable because of differences in mode of drug delivery, site of drug release and excipients. Switching mesalazine products before escalating therapy may, therefore, spare patients from wider side effects and higher costs. Conclusions Optimising mesalazine-based therapy requires individualised treatment plans based on patient preferences, site and extent of inflammation, response to treatment and potential side effects. An algorithm exists to guide the selection of alternative mesalazine formulations when required.

Nanocarrier-mediated cancer therapy with cisplatin: A meta-analysis with a promising new paradigm

AimsCisplatin is a frontline chemotherapeutic utilized to attenuate multiple cancers in the clinic. Given its side-effects, a new cisplatin formulation which could prevent cytotoxicity, metabolic deficiencies and metastasis is much needed. This study investigates whether nanocarriers can provide a better mode of drug delivery in preclinical cancer models seeking a potent anticancer therapeutic agent. Materials and methodsThe PubMed database was searched, and 242 research articles were screened from which 94 articles qualified for selection from those published by December 31, 2023 and the data was synthesized using the Review Manager software. Key findingsCisplatin encapsulated as a nanomedicine confirmed the versatility of nanocarriers in significantly diminishing cancer cell viability, half maximal inhibitory concentration, tumour volume, biodistribution of platinum in tumours and kidney; at p < 0.00001 and a 95% confidence interval. SignificanceAn estimated 19.3 million global cancer incidence is reported with 50% mortality worldwide for which nanocarrier-mediated cisplatin therapy is most promising. Our findings offer new vistas for future cancer treatment when combined with chemo-immunotherapy that utilizes the recently advanced nanozymes.

Application of Electrospun Drug-Loaded Nanofibers in Cancer Therapy.

In the 21st century, chemotherapy stands as a primary treatment method for prevalent diseases, yet drug resistance remains a pressing challenge. Utilizing electrospinning to support chemotherapy drugs offers sustained and controlled release methods in contrast to oral and implantable drug delivery modes, which enable localized treatment of distinct tumor types. Moreover, the core-sheath structure in electrospinning bears advantages in dual-drug loading: the core and sheath layers can carry different drugs, facilitating collaborative treatment to counter chemotherapy drug resistance. This approach minimizes patient discomfort associated with multiple-drug administration. Electrospun fibers not only transport drugs but can also integrate metal particles and targeted compounds, enabling combinations of chemotherapy with magnetic and heat therapies for comprehensive cancer treatment. This review delves into electrospinning preparation techniques and drug delivery methods tailored to various cancers, foreseeing their promising roles in cancer treatment.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of cortical dopamine concentrations after quetiapine lipid core nanocapsules administration to schizophrenia phenotyped rats.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) response to pharmacological treatment is highly variable. Quetiapine (QTP) administered as QTP lipid core nanocapsules (QLNC) has been shown to modulate drug delivery to the brain of SCZ phenotyped rats (SPR). In the present study, we describe the brain concentration-effect relationship after administrations of QTP as a solution or QLNC to SPR and naïve animals. A semimechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) model describing free QTP concentrations in the brain was linked to a pharmacodynamic (PD) model to correlate the drug kinetics to changes in dopamine (DA) medial prefrontal cortex extracellular concentrations determined by intracerebral microdialysis. Different structural models were investigated to fit DA concentrations after QTP dosing, and the final model describes the synthesis, release, and elimination of DA using a pool compartment. The results show that nanoparticles increase QTP brain concentrations and DA peak after drug dosing to SPR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that combines microdialysis and PK/PD modeling in a neurodevelopmental model of SCZ to investigate how a nanocarrier can modulate drug PK and PD, contributing to the development of new treatment strategies for SCZ.

Human serum albumin-bound paclitaxel nanoparticle inhibits cervical carcinoma cell proliferation and oxidative damage through CYP3A4 and CYP2C8

BackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is currently the most common malignant tumour in the female reproductive tract, and paclitaxel (PTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, but tumour cell resistance will seriously affect the therapeutic efficacy of PTX. Nanoparticle human serum albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nano-HSA-PTX) is a novel drug delivery modality that may have superior effects to PTX alone. ObjectiveTo clarify the effect of Nano-HSA-PTX on cervical carcinoma (CC) cells and the underlying mechanisms. MethodsAfter the preparation of Nano-HSA-PTX, its morphology was observed by electron transmission microscope (TEM), and its entrapment efficiency (EE%) and drug loading rate (DL%) were detected. Nano-HSA-PTX was compared with conventional PTX for drug metabolism. Additionally, CC HeLa and SiHa cells were purchased and divided into three groups to treat with Nano-HSA-PTX, PTX and normal saline, respectively. MTT, cell cloning, Transwell and cell scratch assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation, invasion and migration, flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to detect apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related protein expression, and PCR was conducted to quantify oxidative damage indicators. Further, CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 expression patterns in CC cells (HeLa and SiHa) and human normal cervical epithelia (End1/E6E7) and the changes of their levels under the intervention of Nano-HSA-PTX were measured. Subsequently, C57BL/6mice were purchased for subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment to observe the impact of Nano-HSA-PTX on tumor growth. ResultsUnder TEM, Nano-HSA-PTX was complete and arranged compactly, with a stable structure and markedly higher EE% and DL% than PTX (P < 0.05). Under Nano-HSA-PTX intervention, the proliferation, invasion, migration and oxidative damage of HeLa and SiHa were significantly decreased compared with the control and PTX groups, while the apoptosis was increased (P < 0.05). Besides, elevated CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 levels were observed in CC cells, which were inhibited by Nano-HSA-PTX and PTX (P < 0.05). Finally, tumorigenesis experiments in nude mice revealed that Nano-HSA-PTX could inhibit tumor growth. ConclusionCompared with PTX, Nano-HSA-PTX has a superior effect of inhibiting CC activity. And this mechanism of action was carried out by inhibiting the expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8.

Combinatorial effect of calcium chloride and polyethylene glycol on efficient isolation of small extracellular vesicles.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are cargo-carrying cellular nano-vesicles that have been explored for developing organic drug delivery modalities (DVM), an alternative to synthetic liposomes. However, scaled-up production of sEVs is a notable challenge in bringing sEV-based DVMs from the bench to the clinic. Ultracentrifugation is the most accepted isolation approach, but the cumbersome logistical issues and aftereffects of intense 'g' force hinder their applicability. In this study, we developed a new amenable isolation strategy for sEVs using a combinatorial treatment of calcium chloride and polyethylene glycol (PEG). An equivalent volume of cell culture medium from growing lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells was incubated overnight at 4 °C with different formulations (0.1 M CaCl2, 8% PEG, 12% PEG, 0.1 M CaCl2 + 8% PEG, and 0.1 M CaCl2 + 12% PEG) and centrifuged at 4000g to purify the precipitated sEVs as a pellet. Next, the extra CaCl2 was chelated out and the buffer was exchanged with PBS. The sEV number and protein content were assessed using the NTA (nanoparticle tracking analysis) and the BCA assay, respectively. Finally, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to visualize the sEVs. The data from the present study demonstrated that the combination of 8% PEG and 0.1 M CaCl2 produced comparable numbers of sEVs with the ultracentrifugation technique. The sEV characteristics and structural integrity also remained intact, as evident from the TEM images and western blot assay. Thus, here we report an efficient technique for sEV isolation that can be easily scaled up.

Vitis vinifera Kyoho-derived exosome-like nanoparticles-based drug delivery and therapeutic modalities for breast cancer therapy

Fruit-derived exosomes have the capability to deliver drugs and target disease cells. In this primary, Vitis vinifera Kyoho-isolated exosome-like nanoparticles (VKENPs) were extracted and delivered with and without multiple drugs to investigate therapeutic modalities for drug delivery and in vitro breast tumor (BT) treatment. For this purpose, VKENPs were isolated through simple single-step centrifugation and 0.22 μm pore size filtration method and ultra-centrifugation at 100,000×g. Multiple drugs such as metformin, doxorubicin, and tamoxifen were loaded and delivered to the BT cells to assess cellular internalization time, viability, cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and apoptosis. The isolated VKENP's average size was 40 nm with a good polydispersity (113.1 ± 0.117 PDI Mw) and zeta potential (−23 mV), negligibly cytotoxic to healthy tissues (10 % cytotoxicity) along with rapid cellular internalization (within 6 h), and are biased towards tumors by killing 56 % 4T1 cells at 72 h. Moreover, VKEMDT induced 90 % cell death in BT cells via enhancing ROS generation level and inducing apoptosis and necrosis cell death channels. Therefore, the prepared VKENPs successfully induced cell death and have the potential to load multiple drugs with effective targeting of tumor cells. Thus, VKENPs may expand the scope of drug therapies while reducing the off-target effects.

Morphological Characterization of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Derived from Blood Cockle Shells (Anadara granosa)

Blood cockle shells are a type of shellfish with distinctive bright red color that is commonly found in coastal areas of Asia, a rich source of protein, vitamins, and minerals, including calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a common mineral supplement that slowly paved its way into nano research to support bone health that also used in the treatment of bone infections due to its inherent properties; reduces inflammation, promotes bone healing, crucial role in the immune system, and slow degradability. The latest invention on CaCO3 from cockle shells, is an alternative mode of drug delivery to circumvent existing antibiotic resistance mechanisms and allow direct drug delivery to the target site, using locally sourced ingredients to reduce long-term high production costs. A top-down approach CaCO3 nanoparticles from blood cockle (Anadara granosa) shells were developed, known as calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CNPs). This research aims to characterize the morphology of CNPs from blood cockle shells via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). A homogeneously spherical CNPs. with a mean diameter of 36.5 ± 2.3 nm was observed on TEM, so as FESEM. From AFM, the mean diameter for CNPs was 38.6 ± 3.6 nm The CNPs were spherical in shape, homogenously scattered, less agglomerate, porous with rough surfaces. The size and morphology of the CNPs from blood cockle shells were suitable for transport carrier in situ bone infection, according to the results.

A combined electrohydrodynamic atomization method for preparing nanofiber/microparticle hybrid medicines.

Bacterial prostatitis is a challenging condition to treat with traditional dosage forms. Physicians often prescribe a variety of dosage forms with different administration methods, which fail to provide an efficient and convenient mode of drug delivery. The aim of this work was to develop a new type of hybrid material incorporating both electrosprayed core-shell microparticles and electrospun nanofibers. A traditional Chinese medicine (Ningmitai, NMT) and a Western medicine (ciprofloxacin, CIP) were co-encapsulated within this material and were designed to be released in a separately controlled manner. Utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a hydrophilic filament-forming polymer and pH-sensitive Eudragit® S100 (ES100) as the particulate polymeric matrix, a combined electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) method comprising coaxial electrospraying and blending electrospinning, was used to create the hybrids in a single-step and straightforward manner. A series of characterization methods were conducted to analyze both the working process and its final products. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the EHDA hybrids comprised of both CIP-PVP nanofibers and NMT-ES100 core-shell microparticles. Multiple methods confirmed the rapid release of CIP and the sustained release of NMT. The antibacterial experiments indicated that the hybrids exhibited a more potent antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli dh5α and Bacillus subtilis Wb800 than either the separate nanofibers or microparticles. The amalgamation of fibrous nanomedicine and particulate micromedicine can expand the horizon of new types of medicines. The integration of electrospinning and coaxial electrospraying provides a straightforward approach to fabrication. By combining hydrophilic soluble polymers and pH-sensitive polymers in the hybrids, we can ensure the separate sequential controlled release of CIP and NMT for a potential synergistic and convenient therapy for bacterial prostatitis.

Molecular association of Candida albicans and vulvovaginal candidiasis: focusing on a solution.

Candida albicans-mediated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a significant challenge in clinical settings, owing to the inefficacy of current antifungals in modulating virulence, development of resistance, and poor penetration into the biofilm matrix. Various predisposition factors are molecular drivers that lead to the dysbiosis of normal microflora of the vagina, upregulation of central metabolic pathways, morphogenesis, hyphal extension, adhesion, invasion, and biofilm formation leading to chronic infection and recurrence. Hence, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanism behind the virulence pathways driven by those drivers to decode the drug targets. Finding innovative solutions targeting fungal virulence/biofilm may potentiate the antifungals at low concentrations without affecting the recurrence of resistance. With this background, the present review details the critical molecular drivers and associated network of virulence pathways, possible drug targets, target-specific inhibitors, and probable mode of drug delivery to cross the preclinical phase by appropriate in vivo models.

A field bioassay for assessing ivermectin bio-efficacy in wild malaria vectors

BackgroundIvermectin (IVM) mass drug administration is a candidate complementary malaria vector control tool. Ingestion of blood from IVM treated hosts results in reduced survival in mosquitoes. Estimating bio-efficacy of IVM on wild-caught mosquitoes requires they ingest the drug in a blood meal either through a membrane or direct feeding on a treated host. The latter, has ethical implications, and the former results in low feeding rates. Therefore, there is a need to develop a safe and effective method for IVM bio-efficacy monitoring in wild mosquitoes.MethodsInsectary-reared Anopheles gambiae s.s. were exposed to four IVM doses: 85, 64, 43, 21 ng/ml, and control group (0 ng/ml) in three different solutions: (i) blood, (ii) 10% glucose, (iii) four ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) of blood in 10% glucose, and fed through filter paper. Wild-caught An. gambiae s.l. were exposed to 85, 43 and 21 ng/ml IVM in blood and 1:4 ratio of blood-10% glucose mixture. Survival was monitored for 28 days and a pool of mosquitoes from each cohort sacrificed immediately after feeding and weighed to determine mean weight of each meal type.ResultsWhen administered in glucose solution, mosquitocidal effect of IVM was not comparable to the observed effects when similar concentrations were administered in blood. Equal concentrations of IVM administered in blood resulted in pronounced reductions in mosquito survival compared to glucose solution only. However, by adding small amounts of blood to glucose solution, mosquito mortality rates increased resulting in similar effects to what was observed during blood feeding.ConclusionBio-efficacy of ivermectin is strongly dependent on mode of drug delivery to the mosquito and likely influenced by digestive processes. The assay developed in this study is a good candidate for field-based bio-efficacy monitoring: wild mosquitoes readily feed on the solution, the assay can be standardized using pre-selected concentrations and by not involving treated blood hosts (human or animal) variation in individual pharmacokinetic profiles as well as ethical issues are bypassed. Meal volumes did not explain the difference in the lethality of IVM across the different meal types necessitating further research on the underlying mechanisms.

Applications of Degradable Hydrogels in Novel Approaches to Disease Treatment and New Modes of Drug Delivery.

Hydrogels are particularly suitable materials for loading drug delivery agents; their high water content provides a biocompatible environment for most biomolecules, and their cross-linked nature protects the loaded agents from damage. During delivery, the delivered substance usually needs to be released gradually over time, which can be achieved by degradable cross-linked chains. In recent years, biodegradable hydrogels have become a promising technology in new methods of disease treatment and drug delivery methods due to their many advantageous properties. This review briefly discusses the degradation mechanisms of different types of biodegradable hydrogel systems and introduces the specific applications of degradable hydrogels in several new methods of disease treatment and drug delivery methods.

Nebuliser therapy in critical care: The past, present and future

Nebulisers are devices that reduce a body of liquid into a fine aerosol suitable for inhalation. Utilising the efficiency of pulmonary drug absorption, they offer a safe and powerful modality for local and systemic drug delivery in the treatment of critical illness. In comparison to conventional jet (JN) and ultrasonic nebulisers (USN), the advent of vibrating mesh nebulisers (VMN) has significantly improved the therapeutic potential of modern devices. This review article aims to summarise the history and evolution of nebulisers from first inception through to the modern vibrating mesh technology. It provides an overview on the basic science of nebulisation and pulmonary drug delivery, and the current use of nebulised therapies in critical care.

Biomedical applications of artificial exosomes for intranasal drug delivery.

Intranasal administration offers a feasible, non-invasive method of delivering therapeutic drugs to the brain, allowing therapeutic pharmaceuticals to be administered directly to the central nervous system by bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, exosomes are naturally occurring cell-derived nanovesicles that can serve as carriers for a variety of chemical compounds. Many studies have focused on artificial exosomes as innovative medication delivery methods. As a result, trans-nasal delivery of artificial exosomes might be employed to treat brain illnesses in a novel method. This review will outline the drug delivery mechanism of artificial extracellular vesicles, emphasize its advantages as a nasal drug carrier, particularly its application as a novel nanocarriers in brain diseases, and focus on its prospective application in chronic inflammatory nose disorders. Finally, artificial exosomes may become a unique drug delivery mode for clinical therapeutic usage.

Hydrogel microneedle patch for treatment of liver fibrosis

RationaleChronic liver fibrosis is a common and irreversible disease in clinical practice, and Pirfenidone (PFD) has been shown to effectively inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis in multiple studies. However, some critically ill patients cannot take oral medications, and high dose and frequency of administration can cause higher physical burden to the critically ill. Therefore, we are committed to finding a material that can provide an efficient mode of drug delivery to address chronic disease. MethodsWe have developed a hydrogel microneedle patch (MNP) based on GelMA material to provide sustained release of PFD for reducing dosing frequency, alleviating the physical burden, and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In vitro experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the microneedle patch, and a chronic liver fibrosis model was established in C57 mouse for further validation. ResultsGel-PFD MNP demonstrated good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo studies. Cy7 fluorescence showed complete degradation of the MNP after 1 week in vivo. In vitro, Gel-PFD MNP inhibited fibroblast migration and proliferation. In mice treated with Gel-PFD, markers of fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis in tissue or serum RNA and protein expression were relatively low, and liver enzymes and behavioral levels were also relatively normal. ConclusionsGel-PFD has good biocompatibility and sustained-release abilities, which can significantly reduce the frequency of administration and has better anti-fibrosis ability than oral PFD. It has extremely positive implications for improving chronic liver injury in patients who are unable to eat or severely ill.

Composite Hydrogel Modulates Intrinsic Immune-Cascade Neovascularization for Ocular Surface Reconstruction after Corneal Chemical Injury.

Ocular alkali burns recruit neutrophils and triggers neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-neovascularization cascade effects that limit ocular surface reconstruction and functional repair. However, effective inhibition of the release of neutrophil extracellular traps after a corneal chemical injury, coordination of intrinsic immunity with corneal repair, and exploration of more effective and non-invasive drug-delivery modes are still urgently needed. Using an in vitro coculture system, we found that an alkaline environment stimulates neutrophils to release NETs, which can be regulated by deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I). Inspired by this, we loaded DNase I, which effectively regulates NETs, onto chitosan nanoparticles and combined them with silk fibroin to construct a composite hydrogel that can sustainably regulate NETs. The hydrogel reduced neutrophil extracellular trap production by 50% and neovascularization by approximately 70% through sustained DNase I release after a corneal alkali burn. The complex hydrogel promotes ocular surface reconstruction by modulating the intrinsic immune-cascade neovascularization effect, providing a new research basis for the construction of nanobiomaterials that modulate pathological neovascularization.

Identification of scaffold proteins for improved endogenous engineering of extracellular vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining ground as next-generation drug delivery modalities. Genetic fusion of the protein of interest to a scaffold protein with high EV-sorting ability represents a robust cargo loading strategy. To address the paucity of such scaffold proteins, we leverage a simple and reliable assay that can distinguish intravesicular cargo proteins from surface- as well as non-vesicular proteins and compare the EV-sorting potential of 244 candidate proteins. We identify 24 proteins with conserved EV-sorting abilities across five types of producer cells. TSPAN2 and TSPAN3 emerge as lead candidates and outperform the well-studied CD63 scaffold. Importantly, these engineered EVs show promise as delivery vehicles in cell cultures and mice as demonstrated by efficient transfer of luminal cargo proteins as well as surface display of different functional entities. The discovery of these scaffolds provides a platform for EV-based engineering.

Advances in MicroRNA Therapy for Heart Failure: Clinical Trials, Preclinical Studies, and Controversies.

Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with more than 37.7 million patients worldwide and an annual healthcare cost of $108 billion. However, HF-related drugs have not changed significantly for decades, and it is essential to find biological drugs to provide better treatment for HF patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of approximately 21 nucleotides and play an important role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing studies have shown that miRNAs are widely involved in the pathophysiology of HF, and the regulation of miRNAs has promising therapeutic effects. Among them, there is great interest in miRNA-132, since the encouraging success of anti-miRNA-132 therapy in a phase 1b clinical trial in 2020. However, it is worth noting that the multi-target effect of miRNA may produce side effects such as thrombocytopenia, revascularization dysfunction, severe immune response, and even death. Advances in drug delivery modalities, delivery vehicles, chemical modifications, and plant-derived miRNAs are expected to address safety concerns and further improve miRNA therapy. Here, we reviewed the preclinical studies and clinical trials of HF-related miRNAs (especially miRNA-132) in the past 5 years and summarized the controversies of miRNA therapy.

Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymersomes Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly.

Polymersomes are an exciting modality for drug delivery due to their structural similarity to biological cells and their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this regard, the current work aimed to develop multifunctional polymersomes, integrating dye (with hydrophobic Nile red and hydrophilic sulfo-cyanine5-NHS ester as model drugs) encapsulation, stimulus responsiveness, and surface-ligand modifications. Polymersomes constituting poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-b-poly(N-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)acrylamide) (PHPMAm-b-PMTEAM) are prepared by aqueous dispersion RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). The hydrophilic block lengths have an effect on the obtained morphologies, with short chain P(HPMAm)16 affording spheres and long chain P(HPMAm)43 yielding vesicles. This further induces different responses to H2O2, with spheres fragmenting and vesicles aggregating. Folic acid (FA) is successfully conjugated to the P(HPMAm)43, which self-assembles into FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes. The FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes entrap both hydrophobic Nile red (NR) and hydrophilic Cy5 dye. The NR-loaded FA-linked polymersomes exhibit a controlled release of the encapsulated NR dye when exposed to 10 mM H2O2. All the polymersomes formed are stable in human plasma and well-tolerated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These preliminary results demonstrate that, with simple and scalable chemistry, PISA offers access to different shapes and opens up the possibility of the one-pot synthesis of multicompartmental and responsive polymersomes.